Periodontology

Periodontology is the branch of dentistry that focuses on the study, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases that affect the supporting structures of the teeth, such as the gums, periodontal ligaments, and alveolar bone. These structures are collectively known as the periodontium.

Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a common condition that affects many people worldwide. It is caused by a buildup of bacteria and plaque on the teeth and gums, which can lead to inflammation and infection. Over time, the disease can progress, causing the gums to pull away from the teeth and the bone to be destroyed. This can lead to tooth loss and other serious health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and respiratory diseases.

Periodontists are dentists who specialize in the treatment of periodontal disease and other conditions that affect the periodontium. They undergo additional years of training beyond dental school, typically in a three-year periodontal residency program, to become experts in the diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease.

Periodontists use a variety of techniques to treat periodontal disease, including scaling and root planing, which involves removing plaque and tartar from the teeth and smoothing the root surfaces to promote healing. They may also perform surgical procedures, such as gum grafts, bone grafts, and guided tissue regeneration, to repair damage caused by the disease and to promote the regeneration of healthy tissue.

In addition to treating periodontal disease, periodontists may also provide services such as dental implant placement, cosmetic gum surgery, and treatment of oral inflammation and infections. They work closely with general dentists and other specialists to ensure that their patients receive comprehensive, coordinated care. Regular visits to a periodontist can help prevent and treat periodontal disease and maintain optimal oral health.